{"id":116770,"date":"2011-12-21T15:43:44","date_gmt":"2011-12-21T15:43:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/transinfo.pl\/x\/infoair\/poczatki-ryanair\/"},"modified":"2011-12-21T15:43:44","modified_gmt":"2011-12-21T15:43:44","slug":"poczatki-ryanair","status":"publish","type":"infoair","link":"https:\/\/transinfo.pl\/x\/infoair\/poczatki-ryanair\/","title":{"rendered":"Pocz\u0105tki Ryanair"},"content":{"rendered":"
Irlandzki niskokosztowy przewo\u017anik lotniczy Ryanair zosta\u0142 za\u0142o\u017cony przez <\/span>Tony Ryan, Ryan Christy i <\/span>Liam  Lonergan w 1985 roku. Pocz\u0105tkowo firma mia\u0142a zajmowa\u0107 si\u0119 \u015bwiadczeniem tanich lotów mi\u0119dzy Irlandi\u0105 a Wielk\u0105 Brytani\u0105. Po roku dzia\u0142alno\u015bci przewozowej Ryanair zanotowa\u0142 92 tysi\u0119cy przewiezionych pasa\u017cerów na trasie Londyn –Dublin. Sukcesem do odnotowania takiego wyniku okaza\u0142o si\u0119 zmniejszenie ceny z 250<\/span>£ na 200<\/span>£. Do obs\u0142ugi tego po\u0142\u0105czenia wesz\u0142y, tak\u017ce linie lotnicze Aer Lingus, które zaoferowa\u0142y 200<\/span>£. Ostatecznie cena za lot spad\u0142a do poni\u017cej 100£, co przedstawiono w  tabeli 1.<\/span><\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
Tabela 1. Ceny Ryanair i <\/span>Aer Lingus (<\/span>£<\/span>)<\/span><\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n
Przewo\u017anik lotniczy<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Pocz\u0105tkowa cena<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Ko\u0144cowa cena<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Ryanair<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
250<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
94,99<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Aer Lingus<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
200<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
95<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0179ród\u0142o: S. Creaton: Ryanair—How A Small Irish Airline Conquered Europe. Aurum Press Ltd., London 2004, s. 2<\/span><\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
Polityka cenowa Ryanair okaza\u0142a si\u0119 skuteczna. Irlandzki przewo\u017anik 1 marca 1988 r. otworzy\u0142 drugie po\u0142\u0105czenie z Dublin do Manchester. W odpowiedzi Aer Lingus zaoferowa\u0142 ceny znacz\u0105co ni\u017csze od irlandzkiego gracza. Spowodowa\u0142o to znacz\u0105cy regres m\u0142odego irlandzkiego przewo\u017anika, który prawie nie zbankrutowa\u0142, wtedy nast\u0105pi\u0142 punkt zwrotny. W tym okresie do pracy w Ryanair przyszed\u0142 Michael O’Leary. Pocz\u0105tkowo zajmowa\u0142 on stanowisko asystenta g\u0142ównego dyrektora, nast\u0119pnie kontrolingu, a w 1993 r. zosta\u0142 dyrektorem g\u0142ównym. O’Leary rozpocz\u0105\u0142 swoj\u0105 prac\u0119 kontrolingu od redukcji niepotrzebnych kosztów. Pocz\u0105tkowo zreorganizowa\u0142 on firm\u0119 redukuj\u0105c niepotrzebnych pracowników. Nast\u0119pnie skierowa\u0142 swoje dzia\u0142ania w stron\u0119 efektywniejszego wykorzystania dzia\u0142alno\u015bci lotniczego. Tak:<\/span><\/div>\n
– Usuni\u0119to rezerwacj\u0119 miejsc w samolocie;<\/span><\/div>\n
– Ujednolicono flot\u0119 wprowadzaj\u0105c Boeinga 737;<\/span><\/div>\n
– Ryanair zacz\u0105\u0142 korzysta\u0107 z drugorz\u0119dnych portów lotniczych;<\/span><\/div>\n
– Wprowadzono bezpo\u015bredni\u0105 rezerwacj\u0119 biletów lotniczych od przewo\u017anika;<\/span><\/div>\n
– Wprowadzono w\u0142asny handling<\/span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;FONT-SIZE: 10pt">;<\/span><\/div>\n
<\/span><\/div>\n
Brak rezerwacja miejsc spowodowa\u0142 wiele korzy\u015bci. Mo\u017cna tu wymieni\u0107 d\u0142u\u017csz\u0105 prac\u0119 samolotu, gdy\u017c nie marnuje si\u0119 czasu na formalno\u015bci i kierowanie pasa\u017cerami w samolocie, gdzie maj\u0105 usi\u0105\u015b\u0107. Michael O’Leary szacuje, \u017ce takie dzia\u0142ania pozwalaj\u0105 zaoszcz\u0119dzi\u0107 5 USD na jednego pasa\u017cera.<\/span><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Ujednolicona flota to ni\u017csze koszty serwisu i cz\u0119\u015bci zamiennych. O’Leary wprowadzi\u0142 tak\u017ce modyfikacj\u0119 techniczn\u0105 w samolotach umo\u017cliwiaj\u0105c\u0105 szybkie <\/span>przeliczenia rozk\u0142adu masy w maszynie. Dodatkowo Ryanair rozpocz\u0105\u0142 kupno u\u017cywanych samolotów. Te dzia\u0142ania pozwoli\u0142y na kolejne oszcz\u0119dno\u015bci. Ponadto zaoszcz\u0119dzono na szkoleniach personelu, gdy\u017c przy jednego typu maszynie starsi sta\u017cem pracownicy mogli naucza\u0107 m\u0142odszych.<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
 <\/strong><\/div>\n
Korzystanie z drugorz\u0119dnych portów lotniczych dawa\u0142o podwójne korzy\u015bci. Pierwsze z nich dotyczy\u0142y ta\u0144szych op\u0142at lotniskowych i mniejszej kongestii tych portów. Drugie odnosi\u0142y si\u0119 do subwencji, które Ryanair zacz\u0105\u0142 dostawa\u0107 od regionów, w których rozpoczyna\u0142 dzia\u0142alno\u015b\u0107.<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Bezpo\u015brednia rezerwacja pozwoli\u0142a zmniejszy\u0107 cen\u0119 biletów w Ryanair, gdy\u017c pomini\u0119to po\u015bredników, za\u015b w\u0142asny halling pozwoli\u0142 zmniejszy\u0107 czas obs\u0142ugi samolotu. Te dzia\u0142ania umo\u017cliwi\u0142y Ryanair osi\u0105gn\u0105\u0107 najmniejszy poziom koszów funkcjonowania wzgl\u0119dem innych europejskich przewo\u017aników.<\/span><\/strong> <\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
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